Burial at Sea

Burial at Sea
by Lt. Col. George Goodson, USMC (Ret)

In my 76th year, the events of my life appear to me, from time to time,
as a series of vignettes. Some were significant; most were trivial.
...
War is the seminal event in the life of everyone that has endured it.
Though I fought in Korea and the Dominican Republic and was wounded
there, Vietnam was my war.

Now 42 years have passed and, thankfully, I rarely think of those days
in Cambodia, Laos, and the panhandle of North Vietnam where small teams
of Americans and Montangards fought much larger elements of the North
Vietnamese Army. Instead I see vignettes: some exotic, some mundane:

*The smell of Nuc Mam.
*The heat, dust, and humidity.
*The blue exhaust of cycles clogging the streets.
*Elephants moving silently through the tall grass.
*Hard eyes behind the servile smiles of the villagers.
*Standing on a mountain in Laos and hearing a tiger roar.
*A young girl squeezing my hand as my medic delivered her baby.
*The flowing Ao Dais of the young women biking down Tran Hung Dao.
*My two years as Casualty Notification Officer in North Carolina,
Virginia, and Maryland.

It was late 1967. I had just returned after 18 months in Vietnam.
Casualties were increasing. I moved my family from Indianapolis to
Norfolk, rented a house, enrolled my children in their fifth or sixth
new school, and bought a second car.

A week later, I put on my uniform and drove 10 miles to Little Creek,
Virginia. I hesitated before entering my new office. Appearance is
important to career Marines. I was no longer, if ever, a poster Marine.
I had returned from my third tour in Vietnam only 30 days before. At
5'9", I now weighed 128 pounds - 37 pounds below my normal weight. My
uniforms fit ludicrously, my skin was yellow from malaria medication,
and I think I had a twitch or two.

I straightened my shoulders, walked into the office, looked at the
nameplate on a Staff Sergeant's desk and said, "Sergeant Jolly, I'm
Lieutenant Colonel Goodson. Here are my orders and my Qualification
Jacket."

Sergeant Jolly stood, looked carefully at me, took my orders, stuck out
his hand; we shook and he asked, "How long were you there, Colonel?" I
replied "18 months this time.” Jolly breathed, “You must be a slow
learner Colonel." I smiled.

Jolly said, "Colonel, I'll show you to your office and bring in the
Sergeant Major. I said, "No, let's just go straight to his office."
Jolly nodded, hesitated, and lowered his voice, "Colonel, the Sergeant
Major. He's been in this job two years. He's packed pretty tight. I'm
worried about him." I nodded.

Jolly escorted me into the Sergeant Major's office. "Sergeant Major,
this is Colonel Goodson, the new Commanding Office. The Sergeant Major
stood, extended his hand and said, "Good to see you again, Colonel." I
responded, "Hello Walt, how are you?" Jolly looked at me, raised an
eyebrow, walked out, and closed the door.

I sat down with the Sergeant Major. We had the obligatory cup of coffee
and talked about mutual acquaintances. Walt's stress was palpable.
Finally, I said, "Walt, what's the h-ll's wrong?" He turned his chair,
looked out the window and said, "George, you're going to wish you were
back in Nam before you leave here. I've been in the Marine Corps since
1939. I was in the Pacific 36 months, Korea for 14 months, and Vietnam
for 12 months... Now I come here to bury these kids.. I'm putting my
letter in. I can't take it anymore." I said, "OK Walt. If that's what
you want, I'll endorse your request for retirement and do what I can to
push it through Headquarters Marine Corps."

Sergeant Major Walt retired 12 weeks later. He had been a good
Marine for 28 years, but he had seen too much death and too much
suffering. He was used up.

Over the next 16 months, I made 28 death notifications, conducted 28
military funerals, and made 30 notifications to the families of Marines
that were severely wounded or missing in action. Most of the details of
those casualty notifications have now, thankfully, faded from memory.
Four, however, remain.

MY FIRST NOTIFICATION
My third or fourth day in Norfolk, I was notified of the death of a 19
year old Marine. This notification came by telephone from Headquarters
Marine Corps. The information detailed:

*Name, rank, and serial number.
*Name, address, and phone number of next of kin.
*Date of and limited details about the Marine's death.
*Approximate date the body would arrive at the Norfolk Naval Air
Station.
*A strong recommendation on whether the casket should be opened or
closed.

The boy's family lived over the border in North Carolina, about 60
miles away.... I drove there in a Marine Corps staff car. Crossing the
state line into North Carolina, I stopped at a small country store /
service station/Post Office. I went in to ask directions.

Three people were in the store. A man and woman approached the small
Post Office window. The man held a package. The Storeowner walked up
and addressed them by name, "Hello John. Good morning Mrs. Cooper."

I was stunned. My casualty's next-of-kin's name was John Cooper!

I hesitated, then stepped forward and said, "I beg your pardon. Are you
Mr. and Mrs. John Cooper of (address?)

The father looked at me-I was in uniform - and then, shaking, bent at
the waist, he vomited. His wife looked horrified at him and then at
me. Understanding came into her eyes and she collapsed in slow motion.
I think I caught her before she hit the floor.

The owner took a bottle of whiskey out of a drawer and handed it to Mr.
Cooper who drank. I answered their questions for a few minutes. Then I
drove them home in my staff car. The store owner locked the store and
followed in their truck. We stayed an hour or so until the family began
arriving.

I returned the store owner to his business. He thanked me and said,
"Mister, I wouldn't have your job for a million dollars." I shook his
hand and said; "Neither would I."

I vaguely remember the drive back to Norfolk. Violating about five
Marine Corps regulations, I drove the staff car straight to my house.
I sat with my family while they ate dinner, went into the den, closed
the door, and sat there all night, alone.

My Marines steered clear of me for days. I had made my first death
notification.

THE FUNERALS
Weeks passed with more notifications and more funerals. I borrowed
Marines from the local Marine Corps Reserve and taught them to conduct
a military funeral: how to carry a casket, how to fire the volleys and
how to fold the flag.

When I presented the flag to the mother, wife, or father, I always
said, "All Marines share in your grief." I had been instructed to say,
"On behalf of a grateful nation...." I didn't think the nation was
grateful, so I didn't say that.

Sometimes, my emotions got the best of me and I couldn't speak. When
that happened, I just handed them the flag and touched a shoulder.
They would look at me and nod. Once a mother said to me, "I'm so sorry
you have this terrible job." My eyes filled with tears and I leaned
over and kissed her.

ANOTHER NOTIFICATION
Six weeks after my first notification, I had another. This was a young
PFC. I drove to his mother's house. As always, I was in uniform and
driving a Marine Corps staff car. I parked in front of the house, took
a deep breath, and walked towards the house. Suddenly the door flew
open, a middle-aged woman rushed out. She looked at me and ran across
the yard, screaming "NO! NO! NO! NO!"

I hesitated. Neighbors came out. I ran to her, grabbed her, and
whispered stupid things to reassure her. She collapsed. I picked her up
and carried her into the house.. Eight or nine neighbors followed. Ten
or fifteen later, the father came in followed by ambulance personnel. I
have no recollection of leaving.

The funeral took place about two weeks later. We went through the
drill. The mother never looked at me. The father looked at me once and
shook his head sadly.

ANOTHER NOTIFICATION
One morning, as I walked in the office, the phone was ringing. Sergeant
Jolly held the phone up and said, "You've got another one, Colonel." I
nodded, walked into my office, picked up the phone, took notes, thanked
the officer making the call, I have no idea why, and hung up. Jolly,
who had listened, came in with a special Telephone Directory that
translates telephone numbers into the person's address and place of
employment.

The father of this casualty was a Longshoreman. He lived a mile from my
office. I called the Longshoreman's Union Office and asked for the
Business Manager. He answered the phone, I told him who I was, and
asked for the father's schedule.

The Business Manager asked, "Is it his son?" I said nothing. After a
moment, he said, in a low voice, "Tom is at home today." I said, "Don't
call him. I'll take care of that." The Business Manager said, "Aye, Aye
Sir," and then explained, "Tom and I were Marines in WWII..."

I got in my staff car and drove to the house. I was in uniform. I
knocked and a woman in her early forties answered the door. I saw
instantly that she was clueless. I asked, "Is Mr. Smith home?" She
smiled pleasantly and responded, "Yes, but he's eating breakfast now.
Can you come back later?" I said, "I'm sorry. It's important. I need to
see him now."

She nodded, stepped back into the beach house and said, "Tom, it's for
you."

A moment later, a ruddy man in his late forties, appeared at the door.
He looked at me, turned absolutely pale, steadied himself, and said,
"Jesus Christ man, he's only been there three weeks!"

Months passed. More notifications and more funerals. Then one day while
I was running, Sergeant Jolly stepped outside the building and gave a
loud whistle, two fingers in his mouth........ I never could do
that..... and held an imaginary phone to his ear.

Another call from Headquarters Marine Corps. I took notes, said, "Got
it." and hung up. I had stopped saying "Thank You" long ago.

Jolly, "Where?"

Me, "Eastern Shore of Maryland. The father is a retired Chief Petty
Officer. His brother will accompany the body back from Vietnam...."

Jolly shook his head slowly, straightened, and then said, "This time of
day, it'll take three hours to get there and back. I'll call the Naval
Air Station and borrow a helicopter. And I'll have Captain Tolliver get
one of his men to meet you and drive you to the Chief's home."

He did, and 40 minutes later, I was knocking on the father's door. He
opened the door, looked at me, then looked at the Marine standing at
parade rest beside the car, and asked, "Which one of my boys was it,
Colonel?"

I stayed a couple of hours, gave him all the information, my office and
home phone number and told him to call me, anytime.

He called me that evening about 2300 (11:00PM). "I've gone through my
boy's papers and found his will. He asked to be buried at sea. Can you
make that happen?" I said, "Yes I can, Chief. I can and I will."

My wife who had been listening said, "Can you do that?" I told her, "I
have no idea. But I'm going to break my ass trying."

I called Lieutenant General Alpha Bowser, Commanding General, Fleet Marine Force Atlantic, at home about 2330, explained the situation, and
asked, "General, can you get me a quick appointment with the Admiral at
Atlantic Fleet Headquarters?" General Bowser said," George, you be
there tomorrow at 0900. He will see you.

I was and the Admiral did. He said coldly, "How can the Navy help the
Marine Corps, Colonel." I told him the story. He turned to his Chief of
Staff and said, "Which is the sharpest destroyer in port?" The Chief of
Staff responded with a name.

The Admiral called the ship, "Captain, you're going to do a burial at
sea. You'll report to a Marine Lieutenant Colonel Goodson until this
mission is completed..."

He hung up, looked at me, and said, "The next time you need a ship,
Colonel, call me. You don't have to sic Al Bowser on my ass." I
responded, "Aye Aye, Sir" and got the hell out of his office.

I went to the ship and met with the Captain, Executive Officer, and the
Senior Chief. Sergeant Jolly and I trained the ship's crew for four
days. Then Jolly raised a question none of us had thought of. He said,
"These government caskets are air tight. How do we keep it from
floating?"

All the high priced help including me sat there looking dumb. Then the
Senior Chief stood and said, "Come on Jolly. I know a bar where the
retired guys from World War II hang out."

They returned a couple of hours later, slightly the worst for wear, and
said, "It's simple; we cut four 12" holes in the outer shell of the
casket on each side and insert 300 lbs of lead in the foot end of the
casket. We can handle that, no sweat."

The day arrived.. The ship and the sailors looked razor sharp. General
Bowser, the Admiral, a US Senator, and a Navy Band were on board. The
sealed casket was brought aboard and taken below for modification. The
ship got underway to the 12-fathom depth.

The sun was hot. The ocean flat. The casket was brought aft and placed
on a catafalque. The Chaplin spoke. The volleys were fired. The flag
was removed, folded, and I gave it to the father. The band played
"Eternal Father Strong to Save." The casket was raised slightly at the
head and it slid into the sea.

The heavy casket plunged straight down about six feet. The incoming
water collided with the air pockets in the outer shell. The casket
stopped abruptly, rose straight out of the water about three feet,
stopped, and slowly slipped back into the sea. The air bubbles rising
from the sinking casket sparkled in the in the sunlight as the casket
disappeared from sight forever....

The next morning I called a personal friend, Lieutenant General Oscar
Peatross, at Headquarters Marine Corps and said, "General, get me out
of here. I can't take this anymore." I was transferred two weeks later.

I was a good Marine but, after 17 years, I had seen too much death and
too much suffering. I was used up.

Vacating the house, my family and I drove to the office in a two-car
convoy. I said my goodbyes. Sergeant Jolly walked out with me. He waved
at my family, looked at me with tears in his eyes, came to attention,
saluted, and said, "Well Done, Colonel. Well Done."

I felt as if I had received the Medal of Honor!

A veteran is someone who, at one point, wrote a blank check made payable to 'The United States of America ' for an amount of, up to, and including their life.' That is Honor, and there are way too many
people in this country who no longer understand it.